A Pliocene-Pleistocene continental biota from Venezuela
Carrillo-Briceño, Jorge Domingo (Universität Zürich. Paläontologisches Institut und Museum)
Sánchez, Rodolfo (Museo Paleontológico de Urumaco)
Scheyer, Torsten M. (Universität Zürich. Paläontologisches Institut und Museum)
Carrillo, Juan D. (Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre)
Delfino, Massimo (Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont)
Georgalis, Georgios (Universität Zürich. Paläontologisches Institut und Museum)
Kerber, Leonardo (Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (Brasil))
Ruiz Ramoni, Damián (Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja)
Birindelli, José L. O. (Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal)
Cadena, Edwin A. (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (Panama))
Rincón, Aldo F. (Universidad del Norte. Departamento de Física y Geociencias (Colombia))
Chavez-Hoffmeister, Martin (Universidad Austral de Chile. Instituto de Ciencias de La Tierra. Laboratorio de Paleontología)
Carlini, Alfredo A. (Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Museo de La Plata. Lab. Morfología Evolutiva Desarrollo (MORPHOS) and División Paleontología de Vertebrados)
Carvalho, Mónica R. (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (Panama))
Trejos-Tamayo, Raúl (Universidad de Salamanca. Departamento de Geología)
Vallejo, Felipe (Universidad de Salamanca. Departamento de Geología)
Jaramillo, Carlos (Universidad de Salamanca. Departamento de Geología)
Jones, Douglas S. (University of Florida. Florida Museum of Natural History)
Sánchez-Villagra, Marcelo R. (Universität Zürich. Paläontologisches Institut und Museum)

Data:	2021
Resum:	The Pliocene-Pleistocene transition in the Neotropics is poorly understood despite the major climatic changes that occurred at the onset of the Quaternary. The San Gregorio Formation, the younger unit of the Urumaco Sequence, preserves a fauna that documents this critical transition. We report stingrays, freshwater bony fishes, amphibians, crocodiles, lizards, snakes, aquatic and terrestrial turtles, and mammals. A total of 49 taxa are reported from the Vergel Member (late Pliocene) and nine taxa from the Cocuiza Member (Early Pleistocene), with 28 and 18 taxa reported for the first time in the Urumaco sequence and Venezuela, respectively. Our findings include the first fossil record of the freshwater fishes Megaleporinus, Schizodon, Amblydoras, Scorpiodoras, and the pipesnake Anilius scytale, all from Pliocene strata. The late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene ages proposed here for the Vergel and Cocuiza members, respectively, are supported by their stratigraphic position, palynology, nannoplankton, and 86 Sr/ 88 Sr dating. Mammals from the Vergel Member are associated with the first major pulse of the Great American Biotic Interchange. In contrast to the dry conditions prevailing today, the San Gregorio Formation documents mixed open grassland/forest areas surrounding permanent freshwater systems, following the isolation of the northern South American basin from western Amazonia. These findings support the hypothesis that range contraction of many taxa to their current distribution in northern South America occurred rapidly during at least the last 1. 5 million years.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Neogene ; Neotropics ; Northern South America ; Urumaco sequence ; Paleodiversity ; Megaleporinus ; Amblydoras ; Anilius ; Camelidae ; Chapalmalania
Publicat a:	Swiss journal of palaeontology, Vol. 140 (April 2021) , art. 9, ISSN 1664-2384

DOI: 10.1186/s13358-020-00216-6
PMID: 34721281

76 p, 17.3 MB

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