Structural analyses in the study of behavior : From rodents to non-human primates
Casarrubea, Maurizio (University of Palermo. Laboratory of Behavioral Physiology)
Leca, Jean-Baptiste (University of Lethbridge, (Canadà). Department of Psychology)
Gunst, Noëlle (University of Lethbridge, (Canadà). Department of Psychology)
Jonsson, Gudberg K. (University of Iceland. Human Behavior Laboratory)
Portell Vidal, Mariona (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Psicobiologia i de Metodologia de Ciències de la Salut)
Di Giovanni, Giuseppe (University of Malta. Department of Physiology and Biochemistry)
Aiello, Stefania (University of Palermo. Laboratory of Behavioral Physiology)
Crescimanno, Giuseppe (University of Palermo. Laboratory of Behavioral Physiology)
National Institute of Advanced Studies (Bangalore, Índia). School of Natural and Engineering Sciences

Fecha:	2022
Resumen:	The term " structure " indicates a set of components that, in relation to each other, shape an organic complex. Such a complex takes on essential connotations of functionally unitary entity resulting from the mutual relationships of its constituent elements. In a broader sense, we can use the word " structure " to define the set of relationships among the elements of an emergent system that is not determined by the mere algebraic sum of these elements, but by the interdependence relationships of these components from which the function of the entire structure itself derives. The behavior of an integrated living being can be described in structural terms via an ethogram, defined as an itemized list of behavioral units. Akin to an architectural structure, a behavioral structure arises from the reciprocal relationships that the individual units of behavior establish. Like an architectural structure, the function of the resulting behaving complex emerges from the relationships of the parts. Hence, studying behavior in its wholeness necessitates not only the identification of its constitutive units in their autarchic individuality, but also, and importantly, some understanding of their relationships. This paper aimed to critically review different methods to study behavior in structural terms. First, we emphasized the utilization of T-pattern analysis, i. e. , one of the most effective and reliable tools to provide structural information on behavior. Second, we discussed the application of other methodological approaches that are based on the analysis of transition matrices, such as hierarchical clustering, stochastic analyses, and adjusted residuals. Unlike T-pattern analysis, these methods allow researchers to explore behavioral structure beyond its temporal characteristics and through other relational constraints. After an overview of how these methods are used in the study of animal behavior, from rodents to non-human primates, we discussed the specificities, advantages and challenges of each approach. This paper could represent a useful background for all scientists who intend to study behavior both quantitatively and structurally, that is in terms of the reciprocal relationships that the various units of a given behavioral repertoire normally weave together.
Nota:	Ajuts: J-BL's research was funded by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC, Discovery Grant #: 2015-06034 to J-BL). MC, SA, and GC's research was funded by a grant from the University of Palermo, Italy.
Derechos:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Lengua:	Anglès
Documento:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Materia:	Hierarchical clustering ; Transition probabilities ; Adjusted residuals ; T-pattern analysis ; Behavioral structure-function interface
Publicado en:	Frontiers in psychology, Vol. 13 (november 2022) , ISSN 1664-1078

DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1033561
PMID: 36467208

14 p, 1.4 MB

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