Who Suffers From Pharmaceutical Poverty and What Are Their Needs? Evidence From a Spanish Region
Rubio-Valera, Maria (Parc sanitari Sant Joan de Déu (Barcelona, Catalunya))
Marqués-Ercilla, Sílvia (Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol)
Peñarrubia-María, M. Teresa (Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol)
Urbanos-Garrido, Rosa María (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)
Borrell i Thió, Carme (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Bosch Codina, Jordi (Pharmaceutical Bank)
Sánchez-Viñas, Alba (Parc sanitari Sant Joan de Déu (Barcelona, Catalunya))
Aznar-Lou, Ignacio (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública)

Data:	2021
Resum:	Background: Pharmaceutical poverty occurs when a patient cannot afford the cost of prescribed medication and/or medical products. Nonprofit organizations are covering the cost of medication to those patients in some contexts. The aim of the study was to describe the population of beneficiaries of the PB, a nongovernmental organization based on the primary healthcare system, which provides free-of-charge access to medicines and their utilization pattern of medicines and healthcare products. Methods: This was an observational study using PB beneficiary data collected between November 2017 and December 2018 in Catalonia. The Catalan Health Service provided information from the general population. A descriptive analysis of the beneficiaries' characteristics was conducted and compared to the general population. Results: The beneficiaries (N = 1,206) were mainly adults with a low level of education, unemployed, with functional disability, and with ≥1 child. Compared with the general population, the beneficiaries were older, had a lower level of education, showed a higher prevalence of functional disability, were less likely to be Spanish, and were more likely to be divorced and unemployed. The beneficiaries were polymedicated, and most were using medication related to the nervous (79%), musculoskeletal (68%), and cardiovascular system (56%) and alimentary tract and metabolism (68%). Almost 19% of beneficiaries used healthcare products. Female beneficiaries were older and more likely to be divorced or widowed, employed, and with children. Compared to men, women were more likely to use medicines for pain and mental disorders. The pediatric group used medications for severe, chronic conditions (heart diseases, autoimmune diseases, conduct disorders, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Conclusion: Patients with severe, chronic, and disabling conditions are affected by pharmaceutical poverty. While the system of copayment remains unchanged, family physicians and pediatricians should explore economic barriers to treatment and direct their patients to resources that help to cover the cost of treatment.
Ajuts:	Instituto de Salud Carlos III CP19/00029
Nota:	Altres ajuts: CIBERESP (Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CB16/02/00322); Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); Institut Català de la Salut (7Z20/028).
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Healthcare disparities (MeSH) ; Primary care (MeSH) ; Pharmaceutical poverty ; Pharmaceutical preparations ; Health services accessibility
Publicat a:	Frontiers in Pharmacology, Vol. 12 (April 2021) , p. 617687, ISSN 1663-9812

DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.617687
PMID: 33959003

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