COVID-19 after two years : trajectories of different components of mental health in the Spanish population
Bayes-Marin, Ivet (Universitat de Barcelona)
Cabello-Toscano, María del Rocío (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer)
Cattaneo, Gabriele (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut Guttmann)
Solana-Sánchez, Javier (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut Guttmann)
Fernández, Daniel (BarcelonaTech (IMTech))
Portellano-Ortiz, Cristina (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut Guttmann)
Tormos, Jose M (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut Guttmann)
Pascual Leone, Álvaro (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut Guttmann)
Bartrés-Faz, David (Institut Germans Trias i Pujol. Institut Guttmann)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Fecha:	2023
Resumen:	Our study aimed to (1) identify trajectories on different mental health components during a two-year follow-up of the COVID-19 pandemic and contextualise them according to pandemic periods; (2) investigate the associations between mental health trajectories and several exposures, and determine whether there were differences among the different mental health outcomes regarding these associations. We included 5535 healthy individuals, aged 40-65 years old, from the Barcelona Brain Health Initiative (BBHI). Growth mixture models (GMM) were fitted to classify individuals into different trajectories for three mental health-related outcomes (psychological distress, personal growth and loneliness). Moreover, we fitted a multinomial regression model for each outcome considering class membership as the independent variable to assess the association with the predictors. For the outcomes studied we identified three latent trajectories, differentiating two major trends, a large proportion of participants was classified into 'resilient' trajectories, and a smaller proportion into 'chronic-worsening' trajectories. For the former, we observed a lower susceptibility to the changes, whereas, for the latter, we noticed greater heterogeneity and susceptibility to different periods of the pandemic. From the multinomial regression models, we found global and cognitive health, and coping strategies as common protective factors among the studied mental health components. Nevertheless, some differences were found regarding the risk factors. Living alone was only significant for those classified into 'chronic' trajectories of loneliness, but not for the other outcomes. Similarly, secondary or higher education was only a risk factor for the 'worsening' trajectory of personal growth. Finally, smoking and sleeping problems were risk factors which were associated with the 'chronic' trajectory of psychological distress. Our results support heterogeneity in reactions to the pandemic and the need to study different mental health-related components over a longer follow-up period, as each one evolves differently depending on the pandemic period. In addition, the understanding of modifiable protective and risk factors associated with these trajectories would allow the characterisation of these segments of the population to create targeted interventions.
Ayudas:	Agencia Estatal de Investigación RTI2018-095181-B-C21 Agencia Estatal de Investigación PID2019-104830RB-I00
Derechos:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Lengua:	Anglès
Documento:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Materia:	COVID-19 ; Growth mixture models ; Mental health ; Trajectories
Publicado en:	Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, Vol. 32 (april 2023) , ISSN 2045-7979

DOI: 10.1017/S2045796023000136
PMID: 37066626

13 p, 371.0 KB

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