Association between ultra-processed food consumption and gut microbiota in senior subjects with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome
Atzeni, Alessandro (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición)
Martínez, María Ágeles (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición)
Babio, Nancy (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición)
Konstanti, Prokopis (Wageningen University)
Tinahones, Francisco J.. (Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Vic)
Vioque, Jesús (Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche)
Corella, Dolores (Universitat de València)
Fitó, Montserrat (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques)
Vidal, Josep (Hospital Clínic i Provincial de Barcelona)
Moreno-Indias, Isabel (Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Vic)
Pertusa-Martinez, Salvador (Centro Salud Cabo Huertas)
Álvarez-Sala, Andrea (Universitat de València)
Castañer, Olga (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques)
Goday Arnó, Albert (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques)
Damas-Fuentes, Miguel (Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Vic)
Belzer, Clara (Wageningen University)
Martínez-Gonzalez, Miguel Á. (Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (Boston, Estats Units d'Amèrica))
Hu, Frank B. (Harvard Medical School)
Salas-Salvadó, Jordi (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Data:	2022
Resum:	The production and consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has increased considerably during the last years worldwide. Collective evidence shows the association between UPF consumption and adverse health outcomes, including inflammatory gastro-intestinal disorders and obesity. The gut microbiota has been suggested as potential mediator of the effects of UPF consumption on metabolism and health. However, few studies have been conducted in order to elucidate these aspects. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the cross-sectional associations between UPF consumption and gut microbiota in a population of senior subjects (n = 645) within the frame of the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Eligible participants were men and women (aged 55-75 years), without documented history of cardiovascular disease at enrollment, with overweight/obesity (body mass index ≤ 27 and <40 kg/m 2) and metabolic syndrome. Using the information of food frequency questionnaires, the consumption of UPF, expressed as a percentage of total dietary energy intake in kcal/day, was calculated considering those food items classified in group 4 of NOVA system. Population was categorized according to tertiles of UPF consumption. Taxonomic fecal microbiota information, along with blood biochemical parameters, anthropometric measurements and clinical data were obtained. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to study the association between fecal microbiota composition and UPF consumption. We observed that subjects allocated in the highest tertile of UPF consumption (21. 4 ± 5. 0 % kcal/day) presented lower adherence to MedDiet (p < 0. 001) and higher total energy intake (p < 0. 001). The taxonomic analysis of the fecal microbiota revealed a significant (Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p < 0. 2) positive association between specific taxa and tertiles (T) of UPF consumption: Alloprevotella (p = 0. 041 vs. T2; p = 0. 065 vs. T3), Negativibacillus (p = 0. 096 vs. T3), Prevotella (p = 0. 116 vs. T3), and Sutterella (p = 0. 116 vs. T2). UPF consumption was positively associated with lower adherence to MedDiet and higher total energy intake in senior subjects with overweight obesity and metabolic syndrome. In addition, positive association with specific fecal microbiota taxa related to inflammatory gastro-intestinal diseases and low consumption of fruits and vegetables, was observed.
Ajuts:	Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PI13/00462 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PI16/00501 Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI19/00576
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	16s sequencing ; Gut microbiota ; Mediterranean diet ; Metabolic syndrome ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Ultra-processed food
Publicat a:	Frontiers in nutrition, Vol. 9 (october 2022) , ISSN 2296-861X

DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.976547
PMID: 36299993

11 p, 308.4 KB

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