Family change in Latin America : schooling and labor market implications for children and women
Esteve, Albert (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Sociologia)
Castro-Torres, Andrés F (Centre d'Estudis Demogràfics)
Becca, Federica (Centre d'Estudis Demogràfics)

Publicación:	IDB Inter-American Development Bank 2023
Descripción:	37 pag.
Resumen:	This chapter provides an account of the major family transformations that occurred in recent decades across Latin American and Caribbean countries and examines the implications of such transformations for children's school attendance and progress and women's labor force participation. Latin American and Caribbean families and households have undergone substantial changes in recent years while keeping some of their distinctive features unchanged (Esteve et al. ,2022; Esteve & Florez-Paredes, 2018a; Juárez & Gayet, 2014). This combination of stability and change has had profound transformations in the family status in which women raise their children and the family context in which children are raised. We refer to family context as the combination of women's marital status and the type of households in which children reside. We combine references to the literature and own calculations based on Latin American and Caribbean population census samples, available at the Integrated Public-use Microdata Series International (IPUMS) (Minnesota Population Center, 2020). We use data from 25 countries based on the most recent census microdata and, in some instances, historical samples starting in the late 1950s (see Appendix 1). The chapter is organized as follows. First, we document trends in family change and children's status. To illustrate family change empirically, we focus on women aged 25 to 29 and children aged 7 to 16. For reasons that will be displayed during the paper, these groups offer a reliable overview of major transformations with the advantage of avoiding overlapping cohorts when data are analyzed over time. Variations by educational attainment are also examined to illustrate the role of inequality of opportunities in family change. Second, we focus on the implications of family forms on children's school attendance and progress and women's participation in the labor market. In the absence of tailored indicators about progress in cognitive and non-cognitive skills, school attendance and progress are standard indicators of early human capital accumulation (UNESCO, 2022). We examine these two outcomes among more than 15 million children included in the IPUMS-I census samples. For women, we examine the degree of participation in the labor market (n = 16 million). We consider the implications of family contexts on children's outcomes and women's labor force participation as mere associations within variables as we cannot investigate the mechanisms and causal relationships that produce such outcomes. To strengthen our interpretation, we rely on existing studies with causality-oriented designs and discuss the potential linkages among family structures, women's labor force participation, and children's well'-being (Amador & Bernal Rose et al. , 2017; S. Reynolds et al. , 2018). The chapter ends with a discussion of the main results, including their relation with other chapters and existing studies, and suggestions for future research.
Derechos:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Lengua:	Anglès
Colección:	IDB Working Paper Series; 1516
Documento:	Working paper
Materia:	Families-Latin America ; Analysis of Education ; Family Structure ; Economics of Gender

DOI: 10.18235/0005145

38 p, 3.1 MB

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Documentos de investigación > Documentos de los grupos de investigación de la UAB > Centros y grupos de investigación (producción científica) > Ciencias sociales y jurídicas > Centre d’Estudis Demogràfics (CED-CERCA)
Documentos de investigación > Working papers