Metagenomic analysis of antibiotic-resistance genes and viruses released from glaciers into downstream habitats
Wang, Yan (Zhejiang University of Technology. College of Environment)
Xu, Nuohan (Zhejiang University of Technology. College of Environment)
Chen, Bingfeng (Zhejiang University of Technology. College of Environment)
Zhang, Zhenyan (Zhejiang University of Technology. College of Environment)
Lei, Chaotang (Zhejiang University of Technology. College of Environment)
Zhang, Qi (Zhejiang University of Technology. College of Environment)
Gu, Yanpeng (Zhejiang University of Technology. College of Environment)
Wang, Tingzhang (Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province)
Wang, Meixia (Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province)
Peñuelas, Josep (Centre de Recerca Ecològica i d'Aplicacions Forestals)
Qian, Haifeng (Zhejiang University of Technology. College of Environment)

Data:	2024
Resum:	Glaciers serve as effective reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and viruses for millions of years. Climate change and anthropogenic activity have accelerated the melting of glaciers, but the patterns of release of ARGs and viruses from melting glaciers into downstream habitats remain unknown. We analyzed 171 metagenomic samples from glaciers and their downstream habitats and found that the abundance and diversity of ARGs were higher in glaciers (polar and plateau glaciers) than downstream habitats (Arctic Ocean, Qinghai Lake, and Yangtze River Basin), with the diversity of viruses having the opposite pattern. Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the main potential hosts of ARGs and viruses, and the richness of ARGs carried by the hosts was positively correlated with viral abundance, suggesting that the transmission of viruses in the hosts could disseminate ARGs. Source tracking indicated that >18 % of the ARGs and >25 % of the viruses detected in downstream habitats originated from glaciers, demonstrating that glaciers could be one of the potential sources of ARGs and viruses in downstream habitats. Increased solar radiation and emission of carbon dioxide mainly influenced the release of the ARGs and viruses from glaciers into downstream habitats. This study provides a systematic insight demonstrating the release of ARGs and viruses from the melting glaciers, potentially increasing ecological pressure.
Ajuts:	Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación TED2021-132627B-I00
Nota:	Altres ajuts: the Fundación Ramón Areces grant CIVP20A6621
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió acceptada per publicar
Matèria:	Melting glacier ; Antibiotic-resistance genes ; Viruses ; Microbiome ; Source tracking
Publicat a:	Science of the total environment, Vol. 908 (Jan. 2024) , art. 168310, ISSN 1879-1026

DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168310

Disponible a partir de: 2026-01-30 Postprint

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