Air pollution weakens global spring greening
Wu, Chaoyang (Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Hua, Hao (Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Wang, Jian (The Ohio State University)
Dong, Lingwen (Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Zohner, Constantin (ETH Zurich)
Peñuelas, Josep (Centre de Recerca Ecològica i d'Aplicacions Forestals)
Wang, Yunqi (Beijing Forestry University)
Zhou, Yuyu (The University of Hong Kong)
Peng, Shushi (Peking University)
Zhu, Zaichun (Peking University)
Wei, Jing (University of Maryland)
Yuan, Wenping (Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Chen, Xiuzhi (Sun Yat-sen University)
Chen, Lei (Sichuan University)
Fu, Yongshuo (Beijing Normal University)
Li, Jialing (Nanjing University)
Ju, Weimin (Nanjing University)
Zhou, Yanlian (Nanjing University)
Liang, Dan (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
Friedlingstein, Pierre (University of Exeter)
Sitch, Stephen (University of Exeter)
Guo, Yuming (Monash University)
Ge, Quansheng (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Data:	2024
Resum:	Climate change is causing widespread land surface greening in spring1-4, but the impacts of anthropogenic air pollution on these changes remain poorly understood. Using global ground and satellite observations of fine particulate matter ≤ 2. 5 μm (PM2. 5) from 2000 to 2020, here we show that PM2. 5 concentration offsets global spring greening as indicated by significant decreases in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf area index (LAI), and solar-induced fluorescence (SIF). Our experiments and meta-analyses involving up to 104 worldwide species reveal that pollution-induced greenness declines are primarily due to physical blockage and damage to leaf stomata. However, factors such as increased diffuse radiation and nitrogen deposition may occasionally enhance greening. Moreover, we observed significant variations among state-of-art terrestrial ecosystem models in replicating these greenness declines, with incorrect representation of PM2. 5 effects on vegetation greening for roughly one third of global land coverage, further underscoring the importance of empirical data for benchmarking these models. This study reveals the negative feedback between anthropogenic air pollution and terrestrial carbon uptake, emphasizing the critical need for major polluting countries to mitigate air pollution and CO2 emissions.
Ajuts:	European Commission 610028 Agencia Estatal de Investigación PID2019-110521GB-I00 Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca 2017/SGR-1005
Nota:	Altres ajuts: Fundación Ramon Areces grant ELEMENTAL-CLIMATE
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Prepublicació ; recerca ; Versió de l'autor
Matèria:	Earth and environmental sciences ; Environmental impact ; Ecology ; Climate-change ecology ; Phenology

DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3868370/v1

Preprint 15 p, 2.4 MB

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